Priming models is an essential step in preparing them for painting, as it helps the paint adhere better to the surface and provides an even base. Here's a guide on how to properly prime your models, whether you’re using spray primers, brush-on primers, or airbrush primers:
1. Preparation
Before priming, you'll need to prepare the model:
- Clean the Model (only if Resin): Sometimes models have mold release agents on them from the casting process. Wash your model in warm, soapy water and use a soft brush (like an old toothbrush) to gently scrub the surface. Rinse well and let it dry completely.
- Remove Flash: Trim off any mold lines, flash, or sprue remnants with a hobby knife or files. This will give you a smooth surface to prime and paint.
- Assembly: Depending on the model, you may want to fully or partially assemble it before priming. If parts of the model would be hard to reach with a brush after assembly, it might be better to prime those pieces separately.
2. Choose the Right Primer
- Spray Primer: The most common type of primer, applied from an aerosol can. Fast and gives smooth coverage. Ideal for batch priming.
- Brush-on Primer: Useful for touch-ups or small models. Offers better control but takes longer to apply.
- Airbrush Primer: If you own an airbrush, you can use specific airbrush primers that give very fine control and even coats.
Choose a primer color based on the overall scheme of your model:
- White: Great for bright and vibrant colors, especially if you’re painting lighter colors like yellows, reds, and pastels.
- Black: Provides good coverage and shadows, perfect for darker color schemes. If you miss some areas while painting, it won’t stand out as much.
- Gray: A neutral option if you’re unsure, giving a balance between black and white.
- Color Primers: Some companies offer primers in colors (like bone, green, or red), which can double as the base coat for certain models.
3. Setting Up Your Workspace
- Ventilation: If you're using a spray primer, work in a well-ventilated area, preferably outdoors or in a spray booth. The fumes can be harmful, so wearing a mask is also recommended.
- Positioning the Model: Stick your model to something sturdy for easier handling, such as a painting handle, double-sided tape on a cardboard box, or mounting it on a small base with some Blu-Tack or poster putty.
4. Priming the Model
Using Spray Primer:
- Shake the Can: Shake the spray can thoroughly for at least 1–2 minutes to ensure the primer is properly mixed.
- Distance: Hold the can about 8–12 inches (20–30 cm) from the model. Too close, and the primer will go on too thick; too far, and the primer will dry mid-air, creating a grainy texture.
- Spray in Short Bursts: Apply the primer in short bursts, moving across the model from different angles. Avoid spraying directly for too long in one spot, as this can cause pooling or obscuring details.
- Even Coverage: Rotate the model or move around it, spraying from multiple angles to get full coverage. Be sure to spray the underside and hidden areas. Multiple thin coats are better than one thick coat.
- Drying Time: Let the primer dry for at least 15–30 minutes between coats, and allow it to fully cure for a few hours (check the can for manufacturer recommendations).
Using Brush-on Primer:
- Thinning (if necessary): Some brush-on primers may need slight thinning with water or thinner for smooth application.
- Apply Thin Coats: Use a larger brush and apply thin, even coats. It’s important not to obscure details with too much primer.
- Drying Time: Allow the primer to dry between coats.
Using Airbrush Primer:
- Prepare the Primer: Thin the airbrush primer if necessary (some are pre-thinned), usually with the recommended thinner.
- Spray at Low Pressure: Use a lower PSI (around 15–25) for better control and even coats.
- Multiple Light Coats: Like spray primers, airbrush primers should be applied in light, even coats from different angles.
5. After Priming
- Check the Coverage: Once the primer is dry, inspect the model to ensure the entire surface is evenly coated. If you missed any spots, lightly go over them with a brush-on primer or give another light coat with the spray.
6. Ready for Painting
Once the primer has dried and cured, your model is now ready for painting! The primer creates a surface that grips the paint well and ensures better durability and detail retention.
Tips for Priming:
- Avoid Over-Priming: Thick layers of primer can obscure details, so it’s always better to use multiple thin coats rather than one heavy coat.
- Weather Considerations: When using spray primer, avoid humid or very cold conditions. High humidity can cause the primer to dry unevenly, while cold weather can prevent it from drying properly.
- Practice Makes Perfect: If you’re new to priming, practice on a spare model or sprue to get a feel for the spray distance and technique.
By following these steps, you’ll ensure your models are primed well and ready for a smooth and successful painting process!